Introduction
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a universal call to action adopted by all UN Member States in 2015. For Loksewa aspirants, understanding the 17 goals and Nepal's specific progress is crucial as it frequently appears in all levels of examinations.
Main Content
- The SDGs consist of 17 goals, 169 targets, and 231 unique indicators to be achieved by 2030.
- The framework is built on the principle of "Leave No One Behind" and focuses on the Five Ps: People, Prosperity, Planet, Peace, and Partnership.
- Nepal's forest coverage has increased to over 44%, meeting targets for SDG 15 (Life on Land).
- In SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), Nepal has achieved over 90% electricity access for its population.
- Maternal mortality and under-five mortality (below 28 per 1,000 live births) show good progress under SDG 3.
- Nepal faces challenges in SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) with stunting in children under five remaining at approximately 25%.
- The National Planning Commission (NPC) leads the implementation and has submitted Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) in 2017 and 2020.
Key Takeaways
- SDGs were adopted on September 25, 2015, replacing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
- Nepal aims to reduce the poverty rate to below 13% by 2030 (SDG 1).
- Nepal is ranked as the fourth most climate-vulnerable country, impacting SDG 13 progress.
- The Constitution of Nepal 2072 guarantees the right to free and compulsory basic education (SDG 4).
What to Avoid
- Do not confuse MDGs (8 goals) with SDGs (17 goals).
- Avoid mixing up SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 15 (Life on Land); remember 14 is water, 15 is land.
- Do not state that Nepal has achieved all targets; many goals like SDG 2 and SDG 9 are still stagnating or slow.
FAQ
Q1: How many goals and targets are in the SDGs? There are 17 goals and 169 targets.
Q2: When is the target year for achieving the SDGs? The target year is 2030.
Q3: Which body leads SDG implementation in Nepal? The National Planning Commission (NPC) leads the implementation.
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