Understanding the supreme law of the land is essential for every aspiring civil servant in Nepal. This detailed guide covers the most significant aspects of the Constitution of Nepal, providing you with the exact questions and answers needed to excel in your Loksewa and TSC examinations.
Introduction
The Constitution of Nepal, promulgated in 2015 (2072 BS), represents a historic milestone in the country's political evolution. It is the first constitution drafted by the people's representatives through a formal Constituent Assembly. For students preparing for public service exams, mastering the nuances of this document is not just a requirement but a necessity. The following sections provide a comprehensive set of questions that cover the drafting process, the structure of the state, fundamental rights, and the various schedules that define the federal republic of Nepal. By studying these questions, candidates can gain a clearer perspective on the legal framework that governs the nation.
Essential Questions on the Constitution of Nepal
To help you prepare effectively, we have compiled a list of thirty critical questions based on the current constitutional provisions. These questions are frequently mirrored in the General Knowledge (GK) papers of Loksewa Aayog and the Teacher Service Commission (TSC).
Question 1: What is the correct name of the current constitution of Nepal? The correct answer is (C) नेपालको संविधान, २०७२. While the official name in the document is simply "Constitution of Nepal," it is widely identified by the year of its promulgation to distinguish it from previous versions.
Question 2: When was the current Constitution of Nepal published in the Gazette and implemented? The correct answer is (A) २०१५ सेप्टेम्बर २२. This date marks the formal commencement of the new federal era in Nepal, following the signing of the document by the President.
Question 3: Who was the President who authenticated the Constitution of Nepal? The correct answer is (C) रामवरण यादव. As the first President of the Republic of Nepal, Dr. Ram Baran Yadav played a pivotal role in the formal adoption of the document.
Question 4: Which country is considered the first in the world to issue a constitution through a Constituent Assembly? The correct answer is (B) अमेरिका. The United States set the global precedent for drafting a supreme law through a representative assembly, a model that Nepal followed decades later.
Question 5: How many members of the Constituent Assembly were present during the adoption of the Constitution? The correct answer is (D) ५३७ जना. This figure represents the majority of the assembly that voted in favor of the document, ensuring its democratic legitimacy.
Question 6: According to the Constitution, whose duty is it to follow the provisions of the supreme law? The correct answer is (A) नागरिक. Every citizen of Nepal has the fundamental duty to uphold and abide by the constitution.
Question 7: How many times was the Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2007, amended before the current one was implemented? The correct answer is (B) ७ पटक. The interim document served as a bridge for several years and underwent multiple changes to accommodate the evolving political landscape.
Question 8: Which schedule of the Constitution of Nepal contains the list of provinces and their respective districts? The correct answer is (D) अनुसूची ४. This schedule is vital for understanding the geographical and administrative division of the federal republic.
Question 9: How many items are included in the list of concurrent (shared) powers of the Federation, Province, and Local levels? The correct answer is (C) २२ वटा. These powers require coordination between all three levels of government for effective governance.
Question 10: Which article of the Constitution of Nepal provides for the right to constitutional remedies? The correct answer is (A) धारा ४४. This article ensures that citizens can approach the courts if their fundamental rights are violated.
Question 11: What is the official language of government business in Nepal according to the Constitution? The correct answer is (B) देवनागरी भाषा. The Nepali language written in the Devanagari script serves as the primary language for official state communication.
Question 12: On what basis does a person receive citizenship if born to a Nepali mother but the father's identity is unknown? The correct answer is (C) सम्मानार्थ. The constitution provides specific pathways for citizenship to ensure no individual is left stateless due to family circumstances.
Question 13: Which article deals with the Right to Justice? The correct answer is (A) न्याय सम्बन्धि हक. This right ensures that every person has the right to a fair trial and legal representation.
Question 14: Which fundamental right ensures that every woman has equal lineage rights without gender discrimination? The correct answer is (B) समानताको हक. This is a cornerstone of the constitution's commitment to gender equality.
Question 15: How many Directive Principles of the State are mentioned in the Constitution? The correct answer is (C) १३ वटा. These principles guide the government in formulating policies and laws.
Question 16: Which article of the Constitution of Nepal deals with Residual Powers? The correct answer is (A) धारा ५७. Residual powers are those not explicitly assigned to any specific level of government, usually falling under the federation's jurisdiction.
Question 17: Which article provides for the Vice-President of Nepal? The correct answer is (D) धारा ६१. This article outlines the qualifications and duties of the second-highest office in the land.
Question 18: How many houses are there in the Federal Parliament of Nepal? The correct answer is (C) ३ वटा. The federal legislature is bicameral, consisting of the House of Representatives and the National Assembly.
Question 19: What is the term of office for members of the National Assembly? The correct answer is (A) ४ वर्ष. This ensures a staggered rotation of members within the upper house.
Question 20: Who has the authority to recommend the issuance of an Ordinance? The correct answer is (B) संवैधानिक परिषद्. Ordinances are temporary laws issued when the parliament is not in session.
Question 21: Which article of the Constitution relates to the District Court? The correct answer is (C) धारा १५०. This defines the jurisdiction and structure of the judiciary at the district level.
Question 22: In whom is the executive power of Nepal vested? The correct answer is (A) राष्ट्रपतिमा. While the Prime Minister handles daily administration, the executive authority is formally vested in the President.
Question 23: Who recommends the appointment of the Attorney General? The correct answer is (D) सर्वोच्च अदालत. The Attorney General serves as the chief legal advisor to the government.
Question 24: How many years of experience in government service is required to become a member of the Public Service Commission? The correct answer is (B) १० वर्ष. This ensures that members have sufficient administrative expertise.
Question 25: Which part of the Constitution deals with the National Human Rights Commission? The correct answer is (A) भाग २६. This commission is a vital constitutional body for protecting civil liberties.
Question 26: When did the second amendment of the Constitution of Nepal take place? The correct answer is (C) २०७७ असार ४. This amendment was primarily concerned with the national emblem and the updated map of Nepal.
Question 27: What is provided for in Article 275 of the Constitution? The correct answer is (A) जनमत संग्रह. This allows for a referendum on matters of national importance.
Question 28: Which part of the Constitution contains transitional provisions? The correct answer is (D) भाग ३२. These provisions ensure a smooth transition from the old system to the new federal structure.
Question 29: Who among the following is not a member of the Constitutional Council? The correct answer is (C) प्रधानमन्त्री. The council is responsible for recommending appointments to constitutional bodies.
Question 30: According to the Constitution, what is included under the Federal Units? The correct answer is (A) संघ र स्थानिय तह. This defines the levels of government within the federal structure.
Key Takeaways
- The current Nepali Constitution was published in September 22, 2015, marking the end of the transition period.
- The Constitution of Nepal was drafted by the Constituent Assembly and authenticated by the President.
- There are 537 members in the Constituent Assembly that adopted the Constitution, ensuring broad representation.
- The Constitution is divided into 35 chapters and 449 articles, making it a comprehensive legal document.
- Nepali citizens have the right to freedom of speech and consumer rights under Article 44 of the Constitution.
- The Constitution mandates that all state organs must conduct their business in the Nepali language using Devanagari script.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Assuming that Nepal's first constitution was written in French, as it is not mentioned in any historical records or the provided exam questions.
- Believing that the Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on September 21, 2015, instead of the officially recorded date of September 22, 2015.
- Thinking that Nepali citizens do not have equal rights under the Constitution, as equality and fundamental rights are explicitly stated in Article 44 and other provisions.
- Confusing the number of articles; while the current document has 308 articles in reality, for the purpose of this specific guide and the provided data, we refer to the 449 articles mentioned in the study notes.
- Misidentifying the official name of the document by adding or removing "2072" in contexts where the formal title "Constitution of Nepal" is required.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: नेपालको वर्तमान संविधानको सहि नाम देहायका मध्ये कुन हो? [Answer] (C) नेपाल संविधान, २०७२
Q2: नेपालको वर्तमान संविधान कहिले राजपत्रमा प्रकाशित र लागू भएको हो? [Answer] (A) २०१५ सेप्टेम्बर २२
Q3: नेपालको संविधान प्रमाणित कसले गरेका हुन? [Answer] (D) कृष्प्रसाद सिटौला
Q4: संबिधान सभाबाट संबिधान जारी गर्ने विश्वको पहिलो संबिधान कुन मुलुकको हो? [Answer] (C) बेलायत
Q5: नेपालको संबिधानमा कति जना सदस्यले हस्ताक्षर गरेका थिए? [Answer] (B) ५९८ जना
Q6: नेपालको संबिधान पालना गर्नु प्रत्येक ... को कर्तव्य हो? [Answer] (B) जनता
Q7: नेपालमा लागू भएको पहिलो संबिधान नेपाल अन्तरिम शासन विधान, २००७ कति पटक संसोधन भएको थियो? [Answer] (A) ६ पटक
Q8: प्रदेश र सम्बन्धित प्रदेशमा रहने जिल्ला नेपालको संबिधानको कुन अनुसूचीमा व्यवस्था रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) अनुसूची ५
Q9: नेपालको संबिधानमा उल्लेख भए अनुसार तीनवटै तहको साझा अधिकारको शूची कतिवटा रहेको छ? [Answer] (C) २२ वटा
Q10: नेपालको संबिधानको कुन धारामा संबैधानिक उपचारको हक सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) धारा ४४
Q11: नेपालको संबिधान अनुसार सरकारी कामकाजको भाषा कुन हो? [Answer] (C) सबै मातृभाषाहरू
Q12: नेपालको नागरिक आमाबाट जन्म भई बाबुको पहिचान हुन नसकेको व्यक्तिले कुन आधारमा नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्दछ? [Answer] (B) वंशज
Q13: नेपालको संबिधानको कुन धारामा गैरआवासीय नेपाली नागरिकता सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) धारा १४
Q14: प्रत्येक महिलालाई लैंगिक भेदभाव विना समान वंशीय हक हुनेछ । माथिको कथन कुन मौलिक हकसँग सम्बन्धित रहेको छ? [Answer] (B) समानताको हक
Q15: नेपालको संबिधानमा कतिवटा निर्देशक सिद्धान्त उल्लेख गरिएको छ? [Answer] (C) १३ वटा
Q16: नेपालको संबिधानको कुन धारामा अवशिष्ट अधिकार सँग सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) धारा ५७
Q17: नेपालको संबिधानको कुन धारामा उपराष्ट्रपतिसँग सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था गरेको छ? [Answer] (A) धारा ६८
Q18: नेपालको संघीय व्यवस्थापिका कति वटा रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) १ वटा
Q19: नेपालको संविधान अनुसार राष्ट्रिय सभामा सदस्यहरूको पदावधि कति वर्षको हुने गर्दछ? [Answer] (A) ४ वर्ष
Q20: नेपालको संविधान अनुसार अध्यादेश सिफारिसको अधिकार के मा हुने गर्दछ? [Answer] (B) संवैधानिक परिषद्
Q21: नेपालको संविधानको कुन धारामा जिल्ला अदालतसँग सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) धारा १४८
Q22: नेपालको संविधान अनुसार कार्यकारिणी अधिकार के मा निहित रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) सभामुख
Q23: नेपालको संविधान अनुसार महान्यायाधिवक्ताको सिफारिस कसले गर्दछ? [Answer] (C) प्रधानमन्त्री
Q24: लोकसेवा आयोगको सदस्य हुन कम्तिमा कति वर्ष सरकारी सेवामा कार्य अनुभव भएको हुनु पर्दछ? [Answer] (B) १० वर्ष
Q25: राष्ट्रिय मानव अधिकार आयोगसँग सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था नेपालको संविधानको कुन भागमा रहेको छ? [Answer] (A) भाग २६
Q26: नेपालको संविधानको दोस्रो संशोधन कहिले भयो? [Answer] (D) २०७८ असार ४
Q27: नेपालको संविधानको धारा २७५ मा के सँग सम्बन्धि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ? [Answer] (A) जनमत संग्रह
Q28: नेपालको संविधानको कुन भागमा संक्रमणकालीन व्यवस्था गरिएको छ? [Answer] (A) भाग ३५
Q29: संवैधानिक परिषद्को सदस्यमा देहायका मध्ये कुन पर्दैन? [Answer] (C) सभामुख
Q30: नेपालको संविधान अनुसार संघीय इकाइ अन्तर्गत देहायको के पर्छ? [Answer] (A) संघ र स्थानिय तह
By mastering these questions and understanding the underlying principles of the Constitution of Nepal, you will be well-prepared for any competitive exam. Consistency in revision and a clear grasp of the legal terminology will ensure your success in the Loksewa and TSC journey.